Need help with my writing homework on Questions on Microbiology. Write a 2000 word paper answering; This is according to fine details and addictives, which ought to bear for effective facilitation of the intended role. Primarily, conventional method presently is fermentation process, besides numerous ways, which are almost similar but due to patent law, experts have withheld them. Fermentation entails separating required microorganism, enhancing culture growth besides refining and finally isolating the resultant antibiotic (Tenover, 2006). The process ought to be in a sterile environment, since the external microbes usually tend to interfere with the fermentation procedure. Prior the fermentation, the required antibiotic ought to be isolated and kits population augmented by numerous times. This is via taking already existing culture from the cold-stored organisms where growing the initial entails the transfer of organism to an agar-containing plate. Then, preparation of the organisms’ food via putting the initial culture in a flask coupled with other necessary nutrients and food meant for growth while shaking. This makes a suspension prior transferring to the seed tanks for growth. Seed tanks mainly their structure material entail steel or any other material that will not corrode easily that contain all the necessary conditions and material, which a certain organism might require like warm water, carbohydrates (lactose, glucose or sugars). Additionally, they do have extra vital carbon sources, for illustration, acetic acid, alcohols, -HCO3, N2 and NH4 salts (Tenover, 2006, S4). The steel vessels normally comprises of stirrers that normally keep the medium in motion for 24-28 hours. Afterwards the contents goes to the primary fermentation process, which encompasses of almost similar improvised tanks and filled with the former contents prior inception of conducive surroundings for growth. Mainly, the temperature ranges amid 23-27.2 ° C with continued agitation coupled with injection of sterilized air. Here residence time ranges amid 4-5 days prior undertaking isolation or purification before refining and controlling its quality, which depends on the antibiotic type (Tenover, 2006, S8). The process’ applicability is effective, though, depending on the antibiotic may have some minor variations that would entail modifications. They aim to enable certain yields are obtainable and with the desired quality. This is especially via the final steps, which mostly varies with the antibiotic type, hence ensuring each good quality and yield is viable (Tenover, 2006, S5). Fermentation process is reliable owing to its nature of action, which entails boosting or enhancing through providing necessary requirements for its inception. Discuss the mechanisms of antibacterial action giving details of the targets and action of at least 2 antibacterial agents Primarily, antibacterial modes usually differ with agent and encompass four modes. 1. Inhibiting cell wall They comprise penicillin, Cephalosporins, Carbapenems, and Monobactams where they normally destroy the wall of their target (Tenover, 2006). Consequently, ensuring that they do not allow any external barriers, which enemies to the body might create as a way of protecting themselves against various attacks. Conversely, antibiotics assuming this mechanism normally destroy their cell walls, thus terminating their survival and rendering them exposed to the drug.